GRAPHENE-CONTAINING METALIZED SILICON OXIDE COMPOSITE MATERIALS

Active material composite particles, an electrode including the composite particles, a lithium ion secondary battery including the electrode, and method of forming the same, in which the composite particles each include a core particle including an alkali metal or an alkali earth metal silicate, and a coating disposed on the surface of the core particle. The coating includes turbostratic carbon having a Raman spectrum having: a D band having a peak intensity (I) at wave number between 1330 cmand 1360 cm; a G band having a peak intensity (I) at wave number between 1580 cmand 1600 cm; and a 2D band having a peak intensity (I2) at wave number between 2650 cmand 2750 cm, wherein a ratio of I/Iranges from greater than zero to about 1.1, and a ratio of I/Iranges from about 0.4 to about 2.