UWB-based intention detection for vehicular applications

A method for vehicle user prediction includes receiving, in real time, Ultra-wideband (UWB) sensor data from UWB sensors. The UWB sensors include UWB and a UWB tag. The method further includes tracking, in real time, a motion of the UWB tag using the UWB sensor data to determine whether the vehicle user is approaching the vehicle and determining a real-time location of the UWB tag relative to the vehicle using a Bayesian estimation, UWB sensor data, and the motion of the UWB tag. The method also includes predicting, using a machine learning model, an intention of the vehicle user using the motion of the UWB tag and the real-time location of the UWB tag relative to the vehicle and commanding an actuator of the vehicle, using a controller of the vehicle, to actuate in response to predicting the intention of the vehicle user.