Inductive derailment sensor

The detection method uses at least one inductive sensor (SEN) positioned at a given vertical distance above the track rail (SCH) adjacent the rail vehicle wheel (RAD) and monitoring the relative spacing from the track rail, for indicating de-railing or wheel wear when this spacing is above or below a defined limit range, with provision of a corresponding signal and/or activation of emergency braking. An Independent claim for a device for detection of de-railing or wheel wear for a rail vehicle wheel is also included.