COATING OF ELECTRODE MATERIALS FOR ENERGY STORAGE DEVICES

Batteries, methods for recycling batteries, and methods of forming one or more electrodes for batteries are disclosed. The battery includes at least one of (i) a cathode including a nickel-rich material and a first sub-nanoscale metal oxide coating on the nickel-rich material; and (ii) an anode including an anode material and a second sub-nanoscale metal oxide coating disposed on the anode material.