BATTERY MODULE HAVING PATH THROUGH WHICH COOLANT INTRODUCED THEREIN FLOWS WHEN THERMAL RUNAWAY OCCURS, AND BATTERY PACK AND ESS COMPRISING THE SAME

A battery module includes a unit module stack formed by stacking a plurality of unit modules, each unit module having a plurality of battery cells stacked on each other; a swelling absorption pad interposed between the unit modules adjacent to each other; and a module housing configured to accommodate the unit module stack and the swelling absorption pad, wherein the swelling absorption pad has a coolant channel formed to extend along a longitudinal direction thereof.