LITHIUM ION BATTERY WITH HIGH CAPACITY RETENTION RATE, AND PREPARATION METHOD AND CHARGING AND DISCHARGING METHODS THEREFOR

The invention relates to a lithium ion battery with a high capacity retention rate, and a preparation method and charging and discharging methods thereof. The lithium ion battery comprises a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, separators arranged between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate at intervals, and an electrolyte, and further comprises a third electrode and a fourth electrode, which are independent of each other and provided between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, wherein the third electrode and the fourth electrode are separated by means of a single-layer separator, a metal lithium electrode being used as the third electrode, and an activated carbon electrode being used as the fourth electrode. The third electrode and the fourth electrode cooperate with each other to realize supplementation of active lithium of a lithium ion battery at different stages by means of controlled use at different stages, thereby achieving repair and regeneration of the lithium ion battery, and finally, comprehensively increasing the long-cycle capacity retention rate of the current lithium ion battery, especially a solid-liquid lithium ion battery, and increasing the cruising ability retention rate of an electric vehicle.