SECONDARY BATTERY

This secondary battery comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte. The electrolyte contains a solvent containing water, and a lithium salt. The negative electrode has a negative electrode active material that contains a carbon material. In the carbon material, the peak intensity ratio (D/G value) of a D band and a G band in the Raman spectrum obtained using Raman spectroscopy is 0.9 to 1.5. A coating is formed on the surface of the carbon material. In the coating, in the XPS spectrum measured using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, when the peak intensity of a 1s electron orbit of an F atom for which the binding energy appears near 685 eV is P1, and the peak intensity of the 1s electron orbit of an O atom for which the binding energy appears near 532 eV is P2, the ratio of the peak intensity P1 to the peak intensity P2 (P1/P2 value) is 0.6 to 3.0.