SYSTEM AND METHOD OF ESTIMATING STATE OF CHARGE OF BATTERY USING COULOMB COUNTING ESTIMATION WITH PERIODIC CALIBRATION USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE BASED ESTIMATION

A battery management system (112) for tracking a state of charge of a battery (108) including multiple cells including a coulomb counter (CC) estimator (206) and an artificial intelligence (AI) estimator (208). The CC estimator determines a charge difference over time for tracking changes of a state of charge of each cell and updates a corresponding state of charge value. The AI estimator converts a set of sample values of a cell into an estimated state of charge for calibrating the cell. A controller (204) may periodically invoke the AI estimator to calibrate the state of charge of each cell and to update a corresponding state of charge value. Processing by the AI estimator may be minimized by being used only to calibrate each cell before combined error of the CC estimator reaches a predetermined threshold. AI based calibration may use Long Short-Term Memories and may further incorporate voltage mean and voltage variance over time.