BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, BATTERY PACK, ELECTRIC VEHICLE, AND BATTERY MANAGEMENT METHOD

A battery management system according to the present disclosure includes a battery monitor, a balancer and a control circuit to control the balancer. The control circuit determines a first voltage value indicating a no-load voltage of each battery, compensates the first voltage value of each battery using a balancing capacity of each battery by a balancing operation for a latest reference time, determines a voltage deviation which is a difference between the compensated first voltage value of each battery and a reference voltage value, and detects an internal short circuit fault in each battery by comparing a change amount of the voltage deviation of each battery for the reference time with a threshold.