INTELLIGENT BREADCRUMB NAVIGATION

Technology is disclosed for systems, devices, and methods relating to vehicle positioning. A system for vehicle positioning can comprise a passive resonator configured to be embedded in a roadway, and at least one antenna configured to be attached to a vehicle. The at least one antenna can be configured to transmit a first signal to the passive resonator and receive a second signal from the passive resonator at a harmonic frequency of the first signal. Diodes are used to stimulate a resonant circuit to create the second signal. The passive resonator can be configured to receive the first signal from the at least one antenna and transmit a second signal to the at least one antenna. The system can further comprise a processor configured to: calculate a relative position between the vehicle and the passive resonator based on a phase difference observed between the first signal and a reference signal.