ELECTRODE STRUCTURES FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL BATTERIES

An electrode structure for use in an energy storage device comprising a population of electrodes, a population of counter-electrodes and a microporous separator separating members of the electrode population from members of the counter-electrode population. Each member of the electrode population comprises an electrode active material layer and an electrode current conductor layer, and each member of the electrode population has a bottom, a top, a length L, a width Wand a height H, wherein the ratio of Lto each of Wand His at least 5:1, the ratio of Hto Wis between 0.4:1 and 1000:1, and the electrode current collector layer of each member of the electrode population has a length Lthat is measured in the same direction as and is at least 50% of length L.