Coated Metal Oxide Materials and Method, Process, and Apparatus For Making The Same

Coated metal oxide materials, methods, process, and apparatus for making the same are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a method for making a coated metal oxide in a closed-loop continuous hydrothermal process includes mixing a first metal-containing solution and a first high energy component to facilitate formation of a metal oxide. The method can further include mixing an additional solution forming a coating on the metal oxide. In some embodiments, a process of making a coating metal oxide in a closed-loop system includes mixing a first metal-containing solution and a first high energy component to facilitate formation of a metal oxide, and forming a coating on the metal oxide, where the process occurs in one or more reactors.