CARBON-BASED MATERIAL, ELECTRODE CATALYST, OXYGEN REDUCTION ELECTRODE CATALYST, GAS DIFFUSION ELECTRODE, AQUEOUS SOLUTION ELECTROLYSIS DEVICE, AND METHOD OF PREPARING CARBON-BASED MATERIAL

The present invention provides a carbon-based material with high catalytic activity. The carbon-based material in accordance with the present invention includes graphene doped with metal atoms and at least one type of non-metal atoms selected from a group consisting of nitrogen atoms, boron atoms, sulfur atoms, and phosphorus atoms. A diffraction pattern obtained by X-ray diffraction measurement of the carbon-based material by use of CuKα radiation shows that a proportion of the highest of intensities of peaks derived from an inactive metal compound and a metal crystal to an intensity of a (002) peak is 0.1 or less.