BATTERY MONITORING SYSTEM FOR MEASURING HYDROGEN CONCENTRATION TO DETECT BATTERY CELL OVERTEMPERATURE AND PREDICT THERMAL RUNAWAY

A battery monitoring system includes a hydrogen sensing system configured to selectively measure a plurality of hydrogen concentrations in a plurality of battery cells, respectively. A controller is configured to detect battery cell overtemperature in at least one of the plurality of battery cells in response to a corresponding one of the plurality of measured hydrogen concentrations of the plurality of battery cells.