NEGATIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIALS, PREPARATION METHODS THEREOF, AND LITHIUM RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES

A negative electrode active material, including a silicon-carbon composite particle including a plurality of silicon nanoparticles and amorphous carbon, wherein the silicon-carbon composite particle includes closed pores therein, a pore volume of a surface of the silicon-carbon composite particle measured by a BJH method is less than about 0.02 cm/g, and a volume of the closed pores of the silicon-carbon composite particle calculated by Equation 1 is about 0.015 cm/g to about 0.05 cm/g.