ELECTROCHEMICAL TREATMENT OF ELECTRODES COMPRISING BIMETALLIC AND TRIMETALLIC CATALYSTS

Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to processes for forming electrodes comprising bimetallic catalysts and to processes for forming electrodes comprising trimetallic catalysts. In an aspect, a process for making an electrode comprising carbon-supported metal alloy nanoparticles is provided. The process includes applying a plurality of first voltage cycles to an initial electrode, the initial electrode including metal alloy nanoparticles that includes platinum and one or more Group 8-11 metals, the one or more Group 8-11 metals free of Pt; and a carbon source. The process further includes applying a plurality of second voltage cycles to form a final electrode, the metal alloy nanoparticles of the final electrode having an oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) mass activity that is greater than the ORR mass activity of the initial electrode.