BATTERY CELL WITH LAMINATED REFERENCE ELECTRODE CORE AND Z-FOLDING STACK

A battery cell includes a Z-folded separator, C cathode electrodes arranged on one side of the Z-folded separator, and A anode electrodes arranged on the other side of the Z-folded separator, where A and C are integers greater than one. A reference core includes a first separator, a first anode electrode arranged adjacent to the first separator, a second separator arranged adjacent to the first anode electrode, a reference electrode arranged adjacent to the second separator, a third separator arranged adjacent to the reference electrode, a first cathode electrode arranged adjacent to the third separator, and a fourth separator. The reference core is arranged in the Z-folded separator between inner sides of a second cathode electrode and a second anode electrode. Outer sides of the second cathode electrode and the second anode electrode are arranged adjacent to the same side of the Z-folded separator.