BATTERY CELLS WITH STACKED ELECTRICAL CONDUCTORS

In accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, an apparatus includes a first electrical conductor electrically coupled to rim terminals of energy units, where the first electrical conductor includes openings around respective center terminals of the energy units, a second electrical conductor electrically coupled to the center terminals of the energy units through the openings, and an insulator layer arranged between the first and second electrical conductors. In some embodiments, the second electrical conductor is electrically coupled to the center terminals using a plurality of tabs. In some embodiments, the second electrical conductor includes a plurality of bar segments, and the plurality of tabs extend from the plurality of bar segments. In some embodiments, openings of the first electrical conductor provide a lateral constraint to the ends the energy units.