{
  "$type": "site.standard.document",
  "description": "The present embodiments relate generally to stable cycling of metallic lithium under high current densities and realistic cell conditions based on a flower-like nanostructured hard carbon host (CF). In embodiments, CF is both intercalated with lithium ions and plated with lithium metal to render a…",
  "path": "/patents/1379721",
  "publishedAt": "2026-03-19T00:00:00.000Z",
  "site": "at://did:plc:oql6ds5vnff4ugar6rruliwd/site.standard.publication/3mn3ohu7oxx5w",
  "tags": [
    "H01M4/587",
    "The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University"
  ],
  "textContent": "The present embodiments relate generally to stable cycling of metallic lithium under high current densities and realistic cell conditions based on a flower-like nanostructured hard carbon host (CF). In embodiments, CF is both intercalated with lithium ions and plated with lithium metal to render a hybrid lithium-ion/lithium-metal anode capacity. The hybrid cells showed >99% CE up to 12 mA/cm(4 mAh/cm) and >99.5% CE up to 16 mA/cm(2.5 mAh/cm) with commercial carbonate electrolyte. The stability of the hybrid anodes was attributed to uniform lithium plating morphology and fast ion diffusion pathways enabled by the open-pore nanostructures of CF. Moreover, the CF∥NMC811 hybrid cells (2 mAh/cm) showed excellent performance (˜70% capacity retention after 200 cycles, 100% SOC, room temperature) at 10 mA/cmcurrent densities (",
  "title": "FAST-CHARGING OF HYBRID LITHIUM-ION/LITHIUM-METAL ANODES BY NANOSTRUCTURED HARD CARBON FLOWER HOST"
}