Solar Azimuth Estimation Method and System Based on Multi-Channel Feature Enhancement and Region-Aware Attention

The present invention relates to a solar azimuth estimation method and system based on multi-channel feature enhancement and region-aware attention, belonging to the technical field of intelligent navigation for low-altitude economy unmanned systems. Aiming at the problem of decreased accuracy in solar azimuth estimation based on polarization images under complex cloud cover conditions, the present invention proposes a deep learning framework integrating multi-channel features and direction-aware attention. First, based on polarization light field information acquired by a division-of-focal-plane polarization camera, a three-channel composite input feature composed of a polarization intensity map, an adaptive threshold gradient map, and high-frequency residual edge information is constructed. Second, a ResNet backbone network embedded with a squeeze-and-excitation mechanism is adopted, and a direction-aware polarization attention module is introduced to achieve adaptive fusion of multi-scale features through luminance guidance, deep feature enhancement, and a gradient edge branch.