{
  "$type": "site.standard.document",
  "description": "A fuel cell system has a heater (10,11) for heating water in the fuel cell system; and a controller (100) for controlling the heater. The controller (100) executes a stop mode having the smaller energy consumption of a temperature maintenance mode where water in the fuel cell system is maintained…",
  "path": "/patents/1087664",
  "publishedAt": "2004-04-28T00:00:00.000Z",
  "site": "at://did:plc:oql6ds5vnff4ugar6rruliwd/site.standard.publication/3mn3ohu7oxx5w",
  "tags": [
    "H01M8/04029",
    "NISSAN MOTOR [JP]"
  ],
  "textContent": "A fuel cell system has a heater (10,11) for heating water in the fuel cell system; and a controller (100) for controlling the heater. The controller (100) executes a stop mode having the smaller energy consumption of a temperature maintenance mode where water in the fuel cell system is maintained to a temperature greater than freezing point in a period after a shutdown the fuel cell system until a scheduled start-up date-time and a defrost start-up mode where frozen water in the fuel cell system is melted when the fuel cell system undergoes a start-up operation. The controller (100) stores a historical external temperature data for a period prior to the shutdown of the fuel cell system. The historical external temperature data is used for predicting the external temperature for the scheduled start-up date-time. The controller (100) calculates the energy consumption in the defrost start-up mode based on the predicted external temperature.",
  "title": "Freeze protected fuel cell system"
}