Defense in Depth, Medieval Style

This article on the walls of Constantinople is fascinating. > The system comprised four defensive lines arranged in formidable layers: > > * The brick-lined ditch, divided by bulkheads and often flooded, 15­-20 meters wide and up to 7 meters deep. > * A low breastwork, about 2 meters high, enabling defenders to fire freely from behind. > * The outer wall, 8 meters tall and 2.8 meters thick, with 82 projecting towers. > * The main wall—a towering 12 meters high and 5 meters thick—with 96 massive towers offset from those of the outer wall for maximum coverage. > ...