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  "path": "/user/foxandpotatoes/diary/408405",
  "publishedAt": "2026-03-24T08:51:09.000Z",
  "site": "https://www.openstreetmap.org",
  "tags": [
    "https://historical.osm.be/",
    "https://www.geo.be/"
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  "textContent": "# Definition\n\nFrom Wikipedia [2026-03-24] : “A boundary marker, border marker, boundary stone, or border stone is a robust physical marker that identifies the start of a land boundary or the change in a boundary, especially a change in direction of a boundary. There are several other types of named border markers, known as boundary trees, pillars, monuments, obelisks, and corners. Border markers can also be markers through which a border line runs in a straight line to determine that border. They can also be the markers from which a border marker has been fixed.”\n\n# Tagging in OpenStreetMap\n\nUsual tags are:\n\n  * `boundary=marker`\n  * `collection=yes` the marker is a part of the collection of historical markers\n  * `format:top=*` describes the shape of the marker’s top\n  * `format=*` describes the shape of the marker\n  * `height=*` height of the marker\n  * `historic=boundary_marker` OR\n  * `historic=boundary_stone`\n  * `inscription=*` inscriptions on different sides of the marker could be separated by a sign “ “ ( vertical line) or “/” (forward slash)\n  * `marker=border_stone`\n  * `material=*`stone, concrete, iron, etc.\n  * `moved=yes` indicates that the marker is not on its original position\n  * `name=*`\n  * `old_ref=*` the (old, changed) number written on the marker\n  * `ref=*` the number written on the marker\n  * `year=####` (year) (or documented tag start_date=*)\n\n\n\n# Existing sources\n\n## Maps\n\n  * Institut cartographique militaire, Carte de Belgique, 1:20 000. [1969]. (https://historical.osm.be/)\n\n  * Geo.be. Sous les onglets Cartes > Couches > Unités administratives > AdminVector, on peut afficher une carte de Belgique, qui après zoom adéquat, présente outre les limites, des points représentant des bornes. (https://www.geo.be/)\n\n  * [more to follow]\n\n\n\n\n## Archives\n\nThe archives contain:\n\n  * general maps\n  * maps specific to boundary marking\n  * boundary agreements\n  * minutes of boundary surveys\n  * minutes of boundary marking\n\n\n\n### Belgium\n\n  * Archives générales du Royaume - Algemeen Rijksarchief\n\n\n\n### France\n\n  * Archives départementales\n\n\n\n# On-site surveys\n\nMy on-site surveys consist of:\n\n  * record of the location with a smartphone\n  * use of OsmAnd and a specific favorites category\n  * pictures of the marker from various angles (ideally with directions of the angles)\n  * record of specific characteristics of the marker\n\n\n\n# Panoramax\n\nI intend to share the results of my surveys and upload them to the Panoramax database.",
  "title": "Boundary markers - Belgium-France [draft]"
}